NATO members’ scaling up of fiscal budgets and defense procurements, and the new pledge of defense cooperation by Germany and Poland, are a result of Russia aggressively trying to rebuild its kingpin status held in the original Cold War. NATO nations have awakened to such risks. Yet these are also due to the New Cold War for Global Power that has been emerging, this time between China and the U.S., with growing alternatives to Western-led institutions and new geopolitical alliances and partnerships forming. This new power game has created the current worldwide ramp-up of defense spending, with attendant needs for significantly more defense workers with advanced training and education. As the competition continues to grow to nearly every corner of the world, defense capabilities, procurement and personnel are front and center as the new global power arrangement unfolds.