Breakthrough research is helping scientists to understand the connections between inflammation, infections, genetics, immunity and various systems in the human body. Treatments, such as immunotherapy for cancer treatments, have followed. Now, previously unimagined trials of vaccines to slow or prevent certain cancers are under way. New research results are simultaneously bringing about new breakthrough understandings, such as the role of inflammation in the development of Alzheimer’s – as well as in heart disease, arthritis, depression and cancer.